Penubuhan dan Sumbangan Majlis Agama Islam di Negeri-Negeri Melayu Prakemerdekaan, 1915-1957
The Establishment and Contributions of Islamic Religious Councils in the Malay States Before Independence, 1915–1957
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22452/JAT.vol21no2.2Keywords:
Majlis Agama Islam, MAIN, Pentadbiran IslamAbstract
Fokus makalah ini ialah untuk mengenal pasti peranan dan sumbangan Majlis Agama Islam di Negeri (MAIN) sebagai institusi autoritatif yang mengurus dan menyelaras hal ehwal agama Islam di negeri-negeri Melayu sebelum merdeka. Objektif makalah ini ialah mengkaji sejarah penubuhan MAIN di Negeri-Negeri Melayu sebelum merdeka, dan membincangkan sumbangan MAIN dari tahun 1915 sehingga tahun 1957 dalam aspek kewangan, pendidikan dan pentadbiran Islam. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan merujuk sumber primer dan sekunder. Hasil kajian mendapati tanggungjawab-tanggungjawab yang diamanahkan kepada MAIN hampir sama di seluruh negeri iaitu menguruskan harta baitumal, mengutip zakat dan fitrah, membina dan menguruskan surau dan masjid, mengawal selia hal nikah dan cerai serta mengutamakan pendidikan agama untuk pelajar-pelajar. Hal ini demikian kerana, perkara-perkara tersebut mempunyai kaitan yang erat dengan prinsip pentadbiran Islam. MAIN juga berperanan menjadi penasihat agama kepada Sultan selain berfungsi dalam memartabatkan perundangan Islam di negeri-negeri Melayu.
The focus of this paper is to identify the roles and contributions of the State Islamic Religious Councils (Majlis Agama Islam Negeri di Negeri-Negeri, MAIN) as authoritative institutions responsible for managing and coordinating Islamic religious affairs in the Malay states prior to independence. The objective of this paper is to examine the history of the establishment of the MAINs in the Malay states before independence, and to discuss their contributions from 1915 to 1957 in the areas of finance, education, and Islamic administration. This study adopts a qualitative approach by referring to both primary and secondary sources. The findings indicate that the responsibilities entrusted to the MAINs were largely similar across the states, namely managing baitulmal assets, collecting zakat and fitrah, constructing and administering surau and mosques, overseeing matters of marriage and divorce, and prioritising religious education for students. This is because these matters are closely related to the fundamental principles of Islamic administration. In addition, the MAINs functioned as religious advisers to the Sultan and played an important role in upholding and strengthening Islamic legal administration in the Malay states.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Al-Tamaddun

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
By submitting manuscripts to the Journal of Al-Tamaddun, authors agree to transfer copyright to the journal. However, authors may republish their work or grant others permission to republish it; in which case it should be accompanied by a proper acknowledgment that the work was originally published in the Journal of Al-Tamaddun. The journal adopt CC-BY-NC licence which authors may also share and distribute their article anywhere of non-commercial website, social media and repositories immediately on publication.
Authors may also reuse the Abstract and Citation information (e.g. Title, Author name, Publication dates) of their article anywhere at any time including social media such as Facebook, blogs and Twitter, providing that where possible a link is included back to the article on the journal site.










